{"id":9237,"date":"2019-03-15T00:01:00","date_gmt":"2019-03-15T00:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.risk21.com\/ca\/?p=9237"},"modified":"2019-03-20T16:49:32","modified_gmt":"2019-03-20T16:49:32","slug":"artprevention-4-murales-la-industria-detroit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.risk21.com\/ca\/artprevention-4-murales-la-industria-detroit\/","title":{"rendered":"Art&Prevention #4: \u201cMurals de la Industria de Detroit\u201d"},"content":{"rendered":"

ART I RISCOS LABORALS (Divertimento by Oriol Bracons<\/a>)<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cMURALS DE LA IND\u00daSTRIA DE DETROIT\u201d de\u00a0\u00a0Diego de Rivera<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Any: 1.933<\/p>\n

T\u00e8cnica: Fresc<\/p>\n

Estil: Realisme social<\/p>\n

Mesures: 27 panells monumentals (s\/d)<\/p>\n

Es conserva en: Detroit Institute of Arts – Detroit (USA)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

A mitjan 1932, Diego Rivera va signar un contracte amb la DIA per a decorar les parets del pati interior de l’Institut de les Arts de Detroit. Finan\u00e7at per Edsel Ford (fill del fundador la Ford Motor Company), Rivera va poder produir la seva obra gaireb\u00e9 com es feia al renaixement: amb ambiciosos frescos i poderosos mecenes.<\/p>\n

Eren temps del New Deal per a arreglar la crisi del 29, i els milionaris filantrops estatunidencs tampoc veien amb molt mals ulls que l’artista fos obertament marxista (encara que Rockefeller va fer destruir un altre mural en el qual sortia Lenin\u2026).<\/p>\n

Aix\u00ed Rivera va poder plasmar la seva visi\u00f3 de la important ind\u00fastria automotriu de la ciutat des del punt de vista obrer, doncs per a ell els proletaris eren el veritable motor d’aquesta ind\u00fastria. I de pas va poder fer-ho en el cor mateix del capitalisme.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Diego Rivera pintant un dels murals.<\/em><\/p>\n

El pintor va visitar la f\u00e0brica durant mesos i va realitzar nombrosos esbossos per a decidir-se al final per un llenguatge realista perqu\u00e8 les seves pintures fossin accessibles a l’home com\u00fa, per\u00f2 combinat amb els seus t\u00edpics elements precolombins, a m\u00e9s del cubisme i futurisme que havia apr\u00e8s a Par\u00eds.<\/p>\n

Del futurisme va prendre aquesta exaltaci\u00f3 del moviment i de la m\u00e0quina, i per descomptat la tem\u00e0tica: el m\u00f3n industrial era digne de ser presentat com a tema de l’art del segle XX.<\/p>\n

Ja es coneixia l’inter\u00e8s de Diego Rivera per la tecnologia. Per a l’artista, el progr\u00e9s de la humanitat es deu a la ci\u00e8ncia. Junts, obrers de diferents races contribueixen amb la seva for\u00e7a de treball per a crear m\u00f3n millor. Com veiem, tot es basa en la producci\u00f3 del cotxe, deixant de costat la seva mercantilitzaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Rivera va realitzar aquests 27 panells en tan sols 9 mesos i al final seria bastant criticat (un comunista treballant per a l’elit burgesa\u2026), per\u00f2 per a ell, la fi justificava els mitjans, i aix\u00ed a m\u00e9s podia guanyar uns \u201cdinerets\u201d \u00a0i visitar un pa\u00eds que el fascinava.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Mur Sud<\/em><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Mur Nord<\/em><\/p>\n

Simbolisme<\/strong><\/p>\n

Els murals, que Rivera considerava una de les seves obres m\u00e9s reeixides, juxtaposen brillants colors terra i formes post-impressionistes simples, en l’estil narratiu de les estel\u00b7les maies, contra el fons d’una Detroit mon\u00f2tona coberta pel fum de la maquin\u00e0ria que la mant\u00e9 amb vida. Celebrant la creaci\u00f3 i la destrucci\u00f3 mitjan\u00e7ant la ci\u00e8ncia, la medicina i la tecnologia, Rivera combina les de\u00eftats de la terra i del cel, el poder hum\u00e0 i el de les m\u00e0quines, la curaci\u00f3 i l’enverinament, la guerra i la pau. Tamb\u00e9 captura la intensitat de la l\u00ednia de muntatge rob\u00f2tica i una reveladora tensi\u00f3 entre els treballadors de les f\u00e0briques, les enormes m\u00e0quines i els supervisors al tim\u00f3.<\/p>\n

Les gegants figures de les “Races Roja i Negra” i les “Races Blanca i Groga” reflecteixen la gran visi\u00f3 integradora de Rivera, amb refer\u00e8ncies als estrats geol\u00f2gics correlatius, ferro, carb\u00f3, pedra calc\u00e0ria i sorra, que indiquen la connexi\u00f3 entre l’acer i les mat\u00e8ries primeres que alimenten els processos naturals de la Terra.<\/p>\n

Els frescos de Rivera en les parets occidentals del pati s\u00f3n summament reveladors: en ells es contrasten els aspectes positius de la ind\u00fastria de l’aviaci\u00f3 i la qu\u00edmica, on els avions volen com a coloms a trav\u00e9s del m\u00f3n i la ci\u00e8ncia descobreix nous productes per a millorar el comer\u00e7 i la humanitat. Aix\u00f2 contrasta amb els avions de guerra, que ataquen quals falcons, deixant anar la mort en la forma de gas mostassa, i on els empleats i els pilots han d’usar m\u00e0scares de gas per a respirar. La for\u00e7a del militarisme ja era una acusaci\u00f3 clau a Detroit Industry llavors, tant com ho \u00e9s ara.<\/p>\n

Donada la magnitud d’aquesta obra (tant en grand\u00e0ria com en contingut) per a aquesta an\u00e0lisi del Divertimento ens hem centrat en el panell dels operaris treballant en una f\u00e0brica d’autom\u00f2bils corresponent al \u201cMur Nord\u201d.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

DETALL DELS FRESCOS:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Fontss : https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org;\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0https:\/\/www.dia.org\/art\/rivera-court<\/a>; www.wilderutopia.com<\/a>; https:\/\/historia-arte.com<\/a> \u00a0;\u00a0 http:\/\/www.sinpermiso.info<\/a>;<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

M\u00c9S: Art&Prevention<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

AN\u00c0LISI DE L’OBRA (MUR NORD) I ELS SEUS \u201cRISCOS LABORALS\u201d (criteris actuals):<\/strong><\/p>\n

Postures for\u00e7ades<\/p>\n

Manipulaci\u00f3 de c\u00e0rregues<\/p>\n

Risc d’atrapament per element m\u00f2bils<\/p>\n

Talls i cops<\/p>\n

Caigudes a diferent nivell<\/p>\n

Moviments repetitius<\/p>\n

Equips de treball amb parts m\u00f2bils desprotegides<\/p>\n

Inhalaci\u00f3 de subst\u00e0ncies t\u00f2xiques<\/p>\n

Falta d’Equips de Protecci\u00f3 Individual \u2013 EPI (Roba de treball, guants, m\u00e0scares respirat\u00f2ries, protecci\u00f3 auditiva, ulleres de treball, etc.)<\/p>\n

Inadequada roba de treball.<\/p>\n

Altres riscos no evidents per\u00f2 dedu\u00efbles: Exposici\u00f3 a soroll (de les premses), horaris de treball\u2026<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

#Art<\/a>&Prevention \u00a0#PRL<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0#riskxxi \u00a0#arteyprevencion<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0#prevencionable<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0#oriolbraconsclapes<\/a>\u00a0 #metodoRHS\u00a0 #SmartSafety\u00a0 @riskxxi<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

ART I RISCOS LABORALS (Divertimento by Oriol Bracons) \u201cMURALS DE LA IND\u00daSTRIA DE DETROIT\u201d de\u00a0\u00a0Diego de Rivera Any: 1.933 T\u00e8cnica: Fresc Estil: Realisme social Mesures: 27 panells monumentals (s\/d) Es conserva en: Detroit Institute of Arts – Detroit (USA) A mitjan 1932, Diego Rivera va signar un contracte amb la DIA per a decorar les
Llegir m\u00e9s<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":9222,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[278,91],"tags":[96,327],"class_list":["post-9237","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artprevention-ca","category-noticies-ca","tag-prl-ca","tag-risk-xxi-prlservices-ca"],"yoast_head":"\nArt&Prevention #4: \u201cMurals de la Industria de Detroit\u201d - Risk XXI<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.risk21.com\/ca\/artprevention-4-murales-la-industria-detroit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Art&Prevention #4: \u201cMurals de la Industria de Detroit\u201d - Risk XXI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ART I RISCOS LABORALS (Divertimento by Oriol Bracons) \u201cMURALS DE LA IND\u00daSTRIA DE DETROIT\u201d de\u00a0\u00a0Diego de Rivera Any: 1.933 T\u00e8cnica: Fresc Estil: Realisme social Mesures: 27 panells monumentals (s\/d) Es conserva en: Detroit Institute of Arts – Detroit (USA) A mitjan 1932, Diego Rivera va signar un contracte amb la DIA per a decorar lesLlegir m\u00e9s\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.risk21.com\/ca\/artprevention-4-murales-la-industria-detroit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Risk XXI\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-03-15T00:01:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-03-20T16:49:32+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.risk21.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/Detalle-Norte-5.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1000\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1150\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Risk XXI - 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